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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">glonucsec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Глобальная ядерная безопасность</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Global Nuclear Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2305-414X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2499-9733</issn><publisher><publisher-name>National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26583/GNS-2020-04-07</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">glonucsec-57</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИЯ ОБЪЕКТОВ АТОМНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPERATION OF FACILITIES NUCLEAR INDUSTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЖИДКОСОЛЕВЫЕ РЕАКТОРЫ С ТЕПЛОВЫМ И БЫСТРЫМ СПЕКТРОМ ДЛЯ ТРАНСМУТАЦИИ МИНОРНЫХ АКТИНИДОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molten salt reactors with thermal and fast spectrum for minor actinides transmutation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9442-102X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ашраф</surname><given-names>О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ashraf</surname><given-names>O. ..</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">osama.ashraf@edu.asu.edu.eg</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5332-7272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихомиров</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhomirov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">gvtikhomirov@mephi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт ядерной физики и технологий, Национальный исследовательски ядерный университет МИФИ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Nuclear Physics and Engineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ашраф О..., Тихомиров Г.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ашраф О., Тихомиров Г.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ashraf O..., Tikhomirov G.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://glonucsec.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/57">https://glonucsec.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/57</self-uri><abstract><p>Долгоживущие минорные актиниды (МА)237Np,241Am,243Am,243Cm,244Cm и245Cm ответственны за эффективную дозу и выделение тепла после непосредственного захоронения в глубоких геологических формациях. Таким образом, долгоживущие МА представляют собой основное бремя ядерной энергетики. Долгоживущие МА еще не использовались в качестве ядерного топлива. Следовательно, трансмутация этих МА предлагается в качестве альтернативы прямому окончательному захоронению. В данной работе мы анализируем и сравниваем эффективность трансмутации МА в критическом однофазном двухзонном ториевом реакторе (Single-fluid Double-zone Thorium-based Molten Salt Reactor - SD-TMSR) и маломощном жидкосолевом реакторе с быстрым спектром (Small Molten Salt Fast Reactor - SMSFR). Мы изучаем изменение Кэфф и реактивности активной зоны с различными нагрузками МА, сдвигом спектра нейтронов, эволюцией во времени МА и запасов основных нуклидов, а также коэффициентом трансмутации (КТ). КТ долгоживущих МА рассчитывается с использованием кода Монте-Карло SERPENT-2. Полный поток нейтронов в SD-TMSR и SMSFR может достигать 4,1x1014 и 1,8x1015 н/см2c, соответственно. Результаты показывают, что SD-TMSR потребляет около 50% генерируемых изотопов Pu в топливной соли, однако, SMSFR потребляет около 86,5% генерируемых изотопов Pu. Во время выгорания мы применяем непрерывную переработку топливной композиции, поэтому активная зона остается критической, а общая масса топлива в активной зоне и в бланкете практически постоянна. Результаты показывают, что оба реактора эффективно трансмутируют237Np,241Am,243Am и243Cm, в то время как SMSFR имеет более высокий КТ, чем SD-TMSR. КТ общих МА достигает 54,84% и 87,97% в SD-TMSR и SMSFR, соответственно.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Long-lived minor actinides (MA) like, Neptunium, Americium, and Curium are the major burden of nuclear power. Long-lived MAs have not yet been burned as nuclear fuel. Therefore, the transmutation of long-lived MAs is introduced as an alternative to direct final disposal. In current work, we compare the performance of MA transmutation in a critical Single-fluid Double-zone Thorium-based Molten Salt Reactor (SD-TMSR) and a Small Molten Salt Fast Reactor (SMSFR). We study the dynamic of Keff and core reactivity with different MA loads, shift of the neutron spectrum, time evolution of MA and basic nuclide inventory, as well as the transmutation coefficient (TC). The TC of long-lived MA is calculated using the Monte Carlo code SERPENT-2. The total neutron flux in SD-TMSR and SMSFR can reach 4.1x1014 and 1.8x1015 n/cm2s, respectively. The results show that SD-TMSR consumes about 50% of the generated Pu isotopes in the fuel salt, however, SMSFR consumes about 86.5% of the generated Pu isotopes. During burnup, we apply online reprocessing and refueling, so the core remains critical, and the total mass of fuel in the core and in the blanket is practically constant. The results show that both reactors efficiently transmute237Np,241Am,243Am and243Cm, while SMSFR has a higher TC than SD-TMSR. TC of total MA reaches 54.84% and 87.97% in SD-TMSR and SMSFR, respectively.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>жидкосолевой реактор</kwd><kwd>трансмутация</kwd><kwd>непрерывная переработка</kwd><kwd>минорные актиниды</kwd><kwd>код Монте-Карло</kwd><kwd>коэффициентом трансмутации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>SERPENT</kwd><kwd>SD-TMSR</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu B., Jia R., Han R., Lyu X., Han J., Li W. Minor Actinide Transmutation Characteristics in AP1000 // Annals of Nuclear Energy. 2018. Vol. 115. P. 116-125.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu B., Jia R., Han R., Lyu X., Han J., Li W. 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