In this work the values of the mean γ-radiation energies of radionuclides are calculated using BDRG-47R OBD detectors with a high dose rate registration range and a wide range of gamma-ray energies, for example, in the case of emergency emission in a severe radiation accident in the nuclear power plant. Under these conditions, spectrometric equipment, as shown in Chernobyl and Fukusem-1 accidents, can’t provide qualitative measurements. Therefore, to estimate the average energy of the γ-radiation spectrum, only four BDRG-47P DB detectors are used, three of which were used filters made of tungsten, lead, and bismuth. The fourth one remains without filter. The estimation of the average energy of the γ-radiation spectrum is based on the idea of using half value layer of the filter material. The calculations show that the error in estimating the average γ-radiation spectrum energy depends on the spectrum and varies from 5% (0.25 MeV) to 36% (MeV 1.25 MeV), which allows to obtain a lower and upper estimate of the dose rate for personnel who must carry out repairs in premises. The proposed methodology makes it possible to assess the maximum safety time of personnel in the zone of radioactive contamination, the minimum number of workers for repair work, and also to draw up a working plan for repair work, i.e. minimize the material losses that may arise in such situations.

Sound procedures and good practices are not fully adequate if merely practiced mechanically. The lessons of the three major nuclear accidents including Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and Fukushima Daiich have displayed insufficiency of existing techniques, standards and rules for their forestalling. Therefore, studies are constantly undertaken to militate against a repeat of such disaster or to limit it. Many criteria and designs have been proposed and utilized in new generations of NPP. This paper focuses on the study of loss of coolant accident (LOCA) and the various ways scientists and engineers are working to avoid and safely contain it.

The paper discusses the use of bacterial ferrihydrite nanoparticles (5Fe2O3·9H2O) doped with aluminum (FeAl) to reduce the phytotoxicity of an oil contaminated soil substrate. It is proposed to evaluate the antitoxic effect in case of increased contamination with oil products, compare the level of phytotoxicity (decrease in germination and germination energy of test culture Lepidium sativum L) and to determine the optimal concentrations of nanoparticles to neutralize petroleum products in the soil.

The paper considers problem of computational modeling of the bent structural element (beam) subjected to a joint action of a bending moment and radiation irradiation. The basic equations of the model taking into account the process of damage accumulation and the influence of irradiation are given. Using the experimental data on the basis of the method of least squares, the model was identified, that is, the values of the coefficients were determined. Comparison of the calculation results with the help of the coefficients found with the experimental data was made, which showed good agreement of the results. Then the simulation of the irradiated beam loaded with a moment is performed numerically using the above equations with the found values of the coefficients. The effect of irradiation on the kinetics of the change in curvature is studied; stresses and damages are plotted along the cross-section of the beam at different instants of time. It is recommended to use not only experimental data on long-term strength and long-term ductility but also creep curves to improve the accuracy of modeling results when identifying models.

The work gives the assessment of a residual resource of the NPP crane equipment on the basis of its comprehensive examination. The assessment of a residual resource is carried out to define the opportunity and term of the NPP crane equipment further operation. Calculations are made according to the existing standard documentation. The residual operation term of the studied crane equipment can be appointed not less than 5 years by results of an expert method of a residual resource assessment. 

The paper analyzes the causes leading to false protection and shutdown of NPP units as well as damage to the measuring voltage transformers installed in the generator voltage network. The reasons that lead to the appearance of ferroresonance phenomena in the network and the way to eliminate them are considered. A number of emergency shutdowns of power units from the network by the action of earth fault protection are observed in the network of NPP generator voltage. According to the emergency situation investigations some of them turned out to be false. The cause of false accidents is often the appearance of ferroresonance phenomena in the network caused by load switching, short-time arcing and a number of other reasons. When a ferroresonance occurs it is well known that in many cases it is possible to have high multiplicities of overvoltages, dangerous for voltage transformers and for interturn isolation of the generator. This article analyzes the possibility of manifesting ferroresonance phenomena in the generator voltage network of NPP power units under various emergency conditions.

In this paper, a description of the model of the radiation state of a nuclear facility is developed, the composition of the model is outlined, the problems of the formation of the engineering-radiation model of the nuclear facility are considered on the basis of the engineering model of radiation inspection and gamma radiation calculations depending on the radionuclide composition, the activity of radiation sources, and also their geometric sizes and shapes. Methods for calculating radiation emanating from contaminated assemblies of the nuclear facility elements requiring maintenance or disassembly are considered as radionuclide sources of photon radiation having certain physical characteristics, such as dimensions and activity. Sources based on radionuclides are isotropic radiators. The geometric dimensions and shape of such sources can be very diverse in form and size. The existing methods for calculating the dose fields created by radionuclide sources of ionizing radiation of various geometric shapes are investigated. The methods considered are based on similar approaches and represent a mathematical calculation of the characteristics of the dose field depending on the shape of the source, its activity and the relative spatial location of the calculated point in the field and the source. Therefore, special methods for calculating exposure dose rate from extended sources have been developed.

The paper carries out a comparison of calculation results of acoustic standing waves frequencies with auto-spectral power densities of the sensor signals of pressure fluctuations for complex combinations of acoustic elements of the 1st contour of nuclear power plants with WWER-440. The calculation results of acoustic standing wave frequencies are found to be in satisfactory agreement with the measurement data. A new approach to the formation of combinational acoustic circuits in the coolant system in WWER-440 is presented. The oscillating circuit of the coolant including the reactor and pressure compensator connected by pipelines is investigated for the first time. It is found that the frequency of acoustic standing waves in this circuit is close to 2 Hz in the investigated modes. The possibility of this frequency shift in the area of resonant interaction with FA when changing the system layout is shown.

The article deals with the task of certification of operating modes and determining the technical state of the WWER fuel-handling machine based on the results of vibroacoustic monitoring. The use of pseudo-phase diagrams for vibroacoustic information visualization is proposed. An example of determining the reference characteristics of working rod operating modes of the WWER-1000 fuel-handling machine is considered.

Main conditions of ensuring the effectiveness of educational and training classes are formulated. The relevance of monitoring the current state of students in the process of setting classes is shown. The advantages of using a computer bio mouse (CBM) for monitoring the status of students directly during training classes are considered. The results of experimental studies on the effectiveness of CBM are analyzed. A fairly high correlation is found between the level of arterial pressure and the tension index measured by CBM. 

The paper analyzes Language training influence on social adaptation of VETI NRNU MEPhI students, studies the role of English language in the course of social adaptation. It carries out the comparative analysis of social adaptability characteristics of VETI students and students learning English in priority during the communication with foreign students within the work practice in the NRNU MEPhI Resource center.

The article analyzes the first estimates of the radiation accident in 1957 which occurred in the process of production activities of the state chemical plant named after D.I. Mendeleev, as a result of which there was a radioactive contamination of the territory of Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk and Tyumen regions which was called "East Ural Radiation Trace".